Oral Devices for the Treatment of Sleep Apnea: Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v13i1.5817Keywords:
Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Therapeutics, Mandibular AdvancementAbstract
Introduction: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by intermittent collapse of the upper airways that affects about 30% of the adult population and can be treated with oral devices. Objective: To present a narrative review of the literature on the use and effectiveness of oral devices for the treatment of OSA. Material and method: The terms “Obstructive Sleep Apnea”, “Treatment”, “Mandibular Advancement”, “Oral Appliances” were searched in Pubmed/Medline and Google Schoolar databases between 2009 and 2020 and 20 articles were selected for compose the literature review. Results: A widely discussed treatment for OSA is continuous positive airway pressure therapy; however, this therapy has flaws due to intolerance and poor adherence by patients. Thus, oral devices are discussed as the main alternative to this treatment. The most commonly used devices are mandibular advancement devices and tongue retainers, controllers or stabilizers, as they are considered effective and safe for the treatment of OSA as they improve polysomnographic parameters, such as the apnea-hypopnea index, significantly reducing snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness. Although side effects exist, these devices are also capable of having a positive effect on minimum oxygen saturation and are generally well accepted by patients. Conclusion: The Dental Surgeon has gained a very important role in recognizing sleep disorders, referring their patients to a specialized doctor and, when indicated, offering treatment with oral devices.
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