Fluorosis prevalence and fluoride concentration in drinking water
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v10i6.5011Keywords:
Fluorosis, Dental, Fluorine, Sodium Fluoride, Epidemiology, Drinking WaterAbstract
Introduction: In dentistry the fluorine ion – also known as fluoride – shows prophylactic and therapeutic effects but it can also present risks. Its use in public water supply and other products should be understood and controlled in order to minimize unwanted effects on dentitions, such as dental fluorosis. The monitoring of dental fluorosis in a country is important to verify whether figures are stabilized, once a growing global immigration potential is known. Objective: To carry out a literature review of the last years, searching for information about the relations between fluoride concentration in drinking water and the prevalence of fluorosis in various populations of different countries. Materials and Methods: Was sought publications in the main databases: Scopus, Portal Periódicos Capes, Scielo, Virtual Health Library, PubMed and Google Scholar, using the following keywords: Dental fluorosis, Fluorine, Fluoride, Epidemiology and Drinking Water, in Portuguese, Spanish and English. Of the 38 articles selected, 29 were used in this study. Results: Of the countries studied, Ethiopia (with 12 parts per million of fluorine in drinking water) obtained the highest index of dental fluorosis (100% of the sample) while the lowest fluorosis index was found in Syria (1.39 parts per million of fluorine in drinking water), equivalent to 15%. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis are generally higher in populations living in regions with high concentrations of fluoride in drinking water, since it is considered the main natural source of fluorine ion in many communities.
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