Hepatitis B Virus and Oral Cancer: is There Any Relationship?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v12i1.5232Keywords:
Hepatitis B Vírus, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Lichen Planus, Oral, NeoplasmsAbstract
Among the malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity, squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common of them and although it is a rare event, it can originate from potentially malignant lesions, such as oral lichen planus (OLP) and lichenoid lesions (LL). Such lesions, as well as the OSSC, are possibly associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is known to be closely linked to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma; however, there are few studies on the phenomena of the virus on the oral epithelium. Since the results of research on the cancerization of these lesions are variable and not consensual, the existence of other possible risk factors not yet explored by science is considered. This study reports a case of a 67-year-old male patient with positive serology for HBV and a history of smoking and alcoholism, abstaining for 2 and 10 years, respectively, complaining of a nodular lesion on the oral floor with a previous diagnosis of lichenoid lesion, which was treated with topical corticoids and cessation of smoking and the use of conventional total prosthesis. The intraoral examination identified an extensive exophytic lesion on the oral floor, which underwent incisional biopsy and was diagnosed as basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSSC), a rare histological variant of OSSC. The patient was submitted to surgical, radio and chemotherapy treatment. We consider that chronic HBV infection could be a risk factor for cancerization of LPO and LL by the effects that products of viral replication have on the regulation of cell proliferation.
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