Dental-Alveolar Traumatism: Injury to Sustainable Tissue (Luxations)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v11i1.5376Keywords:
Dislocations, Tooth Injuries, Diagnosis, TherapeuticsAbstract
Introduction: Lesions to the dental support tissues (dislocations) comprise a group of diverse lesions where the tooth is detached from its original position after a traumatic accident. These injuries are subclassified into: concussion, subluxation, extrusive dislocation, lateral dislocation, intrusion and avulsion. Objective: To carry out a literature review about injuries to dental support tissues (dislocations) addressing etiological aspects, clinical characteristics and forms of treatment for each type of injury. Methods: A bibliographic search was performed in the PubMed / Medline, Scielo and Google academic databases, using publications from the last 10 years as a filter. The search was carried out with previously selected descriptors. The research took place in 3 phases and the articles were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Dislocations represent a subgroup of the classification of dento-alveolar injuries that affect the tissues that support the teeth. In general, the following tissues are affected after a dislocation injury: periodontal ligament around the tooth, alveolar bone cavity and the tooth's vascular and nervous system. They can range from a simple injury to the periodontal tissues (concussion) to the complete crushing of the fibers of the periodontal ligament and the vasculonervous bundle (intrusion). Conclusion: These injuries usually require special attention, especially with regard to periodontal and pulp tissues, considering that several complications after a traumatic accident may occur. Therefore, it is important that the professional makes an adequate diagnosis for the treatment to be effective.
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