Speech-Language Pathology Alterations in Leprosy: Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v11i2.5585Keywords:
Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Leprosy, Deglutition, Stomatognathic System, VoiceAbstract
Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic, transmissible disease, with mandatory notification and its main means of contamination is the airways, being contagious through physical contact with the lesions. The skin and peripheral nerves are the main ones affected, which can cause neural injuries, aggressive anatomical and functional changes, compromising the communication and feeding of these individuals. Purpose: To verify the relationship of physiological changes in leprosy with the main disorders involving the field of Speech-Language Pathology. Methods: The search to literature review was performed using the Pubmed and BVSalud interfaces, in Portuguese, Spanish and English. The following descriptors and crossing were considered: (leprosy) AND (hearing OR language OR speech therapy OR speech OR swallowing OR dysphagia), including articles on this topic that were available in full on the VPN system. Results: Six studies were included, published between 1984 and 2013. These studies showed a possible relationship between leprosy and some speech-language disorders, such as hoarseness or dyspnea due to edema in the epiglottis, arytenoids, vestibular folds and vocal folds. It is possible to observe alterations such as nasal hypersecretion, with the appearance of crusts, ulcers and mucosal dehydration, in addition to alterations in the orofacial functions in these individuals. In audiological alterations, there may be hearing alterations due to affection of the vestibulocochlear nerve. Conclusion: Studies relating Speech-Language Pathology and leprosy are scarce. However, evidence was found containing vocal relationships, orofacial functions and hearing with individuals with leprosy.
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