Night Work and Melatonin: Implications for Oral Health
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v11i4.5729Keywords:
Periodontal Diseases, Melatonin, Chronobiology Phenomena, Work HoursAbstract
Disruptions in hormonal rhythms, sleep, eating patterns, and light exposure occur during shift work. Sleep is affected by shift work, in part due to the inability to change the circadian rhythm of sleep to match work hours. Lifestyle changes that cause circadian rhythm disturbances can have a negative influence on oral health behavior, such as brushing frequency and sugar intake. Therefore, our hypothesis is that night workers may be more susceptible to oral health problems, such as tooth loss, decayed teeth. With that, this mini-review tries to elucidate the possible relationship between night work and oral health as well as if there is a possible correlation between both. Although there are few studies relating night work and its effects on oral health, there is strong evidence that night work affects the periodontal health of the population at different levels, especially when compared to healthy individuals who work regular periods other than the night shift, accepting the hypothesis raised in the study.
Downloads
References
Razavi P, Devore EE, Bajaj A, Lockley SW, Figueiro MG, Ricchiuti V, Gauderman WJ, Hankinson SE, Willett WC, Schernhammer ES. Shift Work, Chronotype, and Melatonin Rhythm in Nurses. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2019;28(7):1177-1186.
Bescos R, Boden MJ, Jackson ML, Trewin AJ, Marin EC, Levinger I, Garnham A, Hiam DS, Falcao-Tebas F, Conte F, Owens JA, Kennaway DJ, McConell GK. Four days of simulated shift work reduces insulin sensitivity in humans. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2018;223(2):e13039.
Bonmati-Carrion MA, Arguelles-Prieto R, Martinez-Madrid MJ, Reiter R, Hardeland R, Rol MA, Madrid JA. Protecting the melatonin rhythm through circadian healthy light exposure. Int J Mol Sci. 2014;15(12):23448-500.
Nunes DM, Mota RMS, Machado MO, Pereira EDB, de Bruin VMS, de Bruin PFC. Effect of melatonin administration on subjective sleep quality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2008;41(10):926-31.
Gulcin I, Buyukokuroglu ME, Oktay M, Kufrevioglu OI. On the in vitro antioxidative properties of melatonin. J Pineal Res. 2002;33(3):167-71.
Karaaslan C, Suzen S. Antioxidant properties of melatonin and its potential action in diseases. Curr Top Med Chem. 2015;15(9):894-903.
Santos RMD, Marani F, Chiba FY, Mattera MSLC, Tsosura TVS, Tessarin GWL, Pereira RF, Belardi BE, Pinheiro BCES, Sumida DH. Melatonin promotes reduction in TNF levels and improves the lipid profile and insulin sensitivity in pinealectomized rats with periodontal disease. Life Sci. 2018;213:32-39.
Brainard GC, Hanifin JP, Greeson JM, Byrne B, Glickman G, Gerner E, Rollag MD. Action spectrum for melatonin regulation in humans: evidence for a novel circadian photoreceptor. J Neurosci. 2001;21(16):6405-12.
eStehle JH, Saade A, Rawashdeh O, Ackermann K, Jilg A, Sebestény T, Maronde E. A survey of molecular details in the human pineal gland in the light of phylogeny, structure, function and chronobiological diseases. J Pineal Res. 2011;51(1):17-43.
Mendes SS, Martino MMFD. Shift work: overall health state related to sleep in nursing workers. Rev esc enferm USP. 2012;46;6:1471-76.
Ishizuka Y, Yoshino K, Takayanagi A, Sugihara N, Maki Y, Kamijyo H. Comparison of the oral health problems and behavior of male daytime-only and night-shift office workers: An Internet survey. J Occup Health. 2016 May 25;58(2):155-62.
Han DH, Khang YH, Jung-Choi K, Lim S. Association between shift work and periodontal health in a representative sample of an Asian population. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2013;39(6):559-67.
Morales A, Bravo J, Baeza M, Werlinger F, Gamonal J. Las enfermedades periodontales como enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles: cambios en los paradigmas / Periodontal disease as a chronic non transmissible diseases: paradigm shift. Rev clín periodoncia implantol rehabil oral. 2016;9(2):203-7.
Lee W, Lim SS, Kim B, Won JU, Roh J, Yoon JH. Relationship between long working hours and periodontitis among the Korean workers. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):7967.
Ramírez-Rodríguez G, Klempin F, Babu H, Benítez-King G, Kempermann G. Melatonin modulates cell survival of new neurons in the hippocampus of adult mice. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2009;34(9): 2180-91.
Wan XD, Li SQ, Xi SM, Wang JF, Guo YC, Xi, Wang M. Long-term melatonin administration improves glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance state in high-fat-diet fed rats. Cent Eur J Biol. 2013;8(10):958-67.
Chovancova B, Hudecova S, Lencesova L, Babula P, Rezuchova I, Penesova A, Grman M, Moravcik R, Zeman M, Krizanova O. Melatonin-Induced Changes in Cytosolic Calcium Might be Responsible for Apoptosis Induction in Tumour Cells. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2017;44(2):763-77.
Favero G, Franceschetti L, Bonomini F, Rodella LF, Rezzani R. Melatonin as an Anti-Inflammatory Agent Modulating Inflammasome Activation. Int J Endocrinol. 2017;2017: 1835195.
Szewczyk-Golec K, Rajewski P, Gackowski M, Mila-Kierzenkowska C, Wesołowski R, Sutkowy P et al. Melatonin Supplementation Lowers Oxidative Stress and Regulates Adipokines in Obese Patients on a Calorie-Restricted Diet. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:8494107.
Abdolsamadi H, Goodarzi MT, Ahmadi Motemayel F, Jazaeri M, Feradmal J, Zarabadi M et al. Reduction of Melatonin Level in Patients with Type II Diabetes and Periodontal Diseases. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2014;8(3):160-5.
Sun Y, Shu R, Li CL, Zhang MZ. Gram-negative periodontal bacteria induce the activation of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4, and cytokine production in human periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontol. 2010;81(10):1488-96.
Medzhitov R. Toll-like receptors and innate immunity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2001;1(2):135-45.
Bletsa A, Berggreen E, Brudvik P. Interleukin-1alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression during the early phases of orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Eur J Oral Sci. 2006;114(5):423-9.
Lalla E, Lamster IB, Schmidt AM. Enhanced interaction of advanced glycation end products with their cellular receptor RAGE: implications for the pathogenesis of accelerated periodontal disease in diabetes. Ann Periodontol. 1998;3(1):13-9.
Iacopino AM, Cutler CW. Pathophysiological relationships between periodontitis and systemic disease: recent concepts involving serum lipids. J Periodontol. 2000;71(8):1375-84.
Lalla E, Lamster IB, Feit M, Huang L, Spessot A, Qu W et al. Blockade of RAGE suppresses periodontitis-associated bone loss in diabetic mice. J Clin Invest. 2000;105(8):1117-24.
Taubman MA, Valverde P, Han X, Kawai T. Immune response: the key to bone resorption in periodontal disease. J Periodontol. 2005;76(11 Suppl):2033-41.
Ali J, Pramod K, Tahir MA, Ansari SH. Autoimmune responses in periodontal diseases. Autoimmun Rev. 2011;10(7):426-31.
Palin LP, Polo TOB, Batista FRS, Gomes-Ferreira PHS, Garcia Junior IR, Rossi AC et al. Daily melatonin administration improves osseointegration in pinealectomized rats. J Appl Oral Sci. 2018;26:e20170470.
Turgut M, Kaplan S, Turgut AT, Aslan H, Güvenç T, Cullu E et al. Morphological, stereological and radiological changes in pinealectomized chicken cervical vertebrae. J Pineal Res. 2005;39(4):392-9.
Egermann M, Gerhardt C, Barth A, Maestroni GJ, Schneider E, Alini M. Pinealectomy affects bone mineral density and structure--an experimental study in sheep. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011;12:271.
Amstrup AK, Sikjaer T, Mosekilde L, Rejnmark L. Melatonin and the skeleton. Osteoporos Int. 2013;24(12):2919-27.
Tresguerres IF, Tamimi F, Eimar H, Barralet JE, Prieto S, Torres J et al. Melatonin dietary supplement as an anti-aging therapy for age-related bone loss. Rejuvenation Res. 2014;17(4):341-46.
Lin GJ, Huang SH, Chen SJ, Wang CH, Chang DM, Sytwu HK. Modulation by melatonin of the pathogenesis of inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14(6):11742-66.
Ghareghani M, Scavo L, Arnoult D, Zibara K, Farhadi N. Melatonin therapy reduces the risk of osteoporosis and normalizes bone formation in multiple sclerosis. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2018;32(2):181-87.
Virto L, Haugen HJ, Fernández-Mateos P, Cano P, González J, Jiménez-Ortega V et al. Melatonin expression in periodontitis and obesity: An experimental in-vivo investigation. J Periodontal Res. 2018;53(5):825-31.
Zuza EP, Garcia VG, Theodoro LH, Ervolino E, Favero LFV, Longo M et al. Influence of obesity on experimental periodontitis in rats: histopathological, histometric and immunohistochemical study. Clin Oral Investig. 2018;22(3):1197-208.
Almughrabi OM, Marzouk KM, Hasanato RM, Shafik SS. Melatonin levels in periodontal health and disease. J Periodontal Res. 2013;48(3):315-21.
Cutando A, Galindo P, Gómez-Moreno G, Arana C, Bolaños J, Acuña-Castroviejo D et. Relationship between salivary melatonin and severity of periodontal disease. J Periodontol. 2006;77(9):1533-58.
Srinath R, Acharya AB, Thakur SL. Salivary and gingival crevicular fluid melatonin in periodontal health and disease. J Periodontol. 2010;81(2): 277-83.
Bertl K, Schoiber A, Haririan H, Laky M, Steiner I, Rausch WD et al. Non-surgical periodontal therapy influences salivary melatonin levels. Clin Oral Investig. 2013;17(4):1219-25.
Park JS, Jeong Y, Jung J, Ryu JJ, Lim HK, Jung SK et al. Shift work sleep disorder is closely associated with an increased risk for periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol. 2021;48(8):1066-75.
Takechi M, Tatehara S, Satomura K, Fujisawa K, Nagayama M. Effect of FGF-2 and melatonin on implant bone healing: a histomorphometric study. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2008;19(8):2949-52.
Arabacı T, Kermen E, Özkanlar S, Köse O, Kara A, Kızıldağ A et al. Therapeutic Effects of Melatonin on Alveolar Bone Resorption After Experimental Periodontitis in Rats: A Biochemical and Immunohistochemical Study. J Periodontol. 2015;86(7):874-81.
El-Gammal MY, Salem AS, Anees MM, Tawfik MA. Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Immediate Loaded Dental Implants With Local Application of Melatonin: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Oral Implantol. 2016;42(2):119-25.
Kara A, Akman S, Ozkanlar S, Tozoglu U, Kalkan Y, Canakci CF et al. Immune modulatory and antioxidant effects of melatonin in experimental periodontitis in rats. Free Radic Biol Med. 2013;55:21-6.
Permuy M, López-Peña M, González-Cantalapiedra A, Muñoz F. Melatonin: A Review of Its Potential Functions and Effects on Dental Diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(4):865.
