Prevalence of Orofacial Injuries in a Dental Specialty Center Located in the City of Venturosa-PE, Brazil: Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v12i7.6164Keywords:
Head and Neck Neoplasms, Skin Neoplasms, Mouth Neoplasms, Prevalence, EpidemiologyAbstract
Introduction: According to the National Cancer Institute (INCA), in 2022, oral cancer ranked fifth in prevalence in males and thirteenth in females. In addition, in Brazil, malignant cutaneous neoplasms are the most common, especially non-melanoma skin cancer. Objective: To understand the prevalence and epidemiology of orofacial cancer in the studied population. Material and Method: This is a cross-sectional observational study, which evaluated the prevalence of lesions in the mouth and face and the clinical and sociodemographic aspects associated with the diagnosis, in a Dental Specialty Center located in the interior of Pernambuco. Results: 116 individuals participated in the study, 51.72% (n=60) of the sample had absorbed problems, 35.34% (n=41) had lesions on the face, 7.75% (n=9) lesions located in the mouth, 5.17% (n=6) had temporomandibular joint dysfunction or another problem. With regard to orofacial lesions, the distribution by sex showed a prevalence of 60.0% in women and 40.0% in men. 58% of the subjects were white and 42% black. 56.0% identified themselves as farmers. No intraoral malignancy was diagnosed, but a lesion with malignization potential was identified, actinic cheilitis. Isolating the lesions on the face, 14.63% were represented by basal cell carcinoma and 26.82% by melanocytic nevus. Conclusion: The controlled study showed a higher prevalence of facial lesions in relation to oral lesions, justified by the high rate of unprotected exposure to solar radiation. Among the lesions, basal cell carcinoma and melanocytic nevus are noteworthy. Therefore, effective preventive measures should be taken aimed at higher risk groups.
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