Influence of Smoking on the Development of Periodontal Changes in Patients Rehabilitated with Implants: an Integrative Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v12i8.6232Keywords:
Tobacco User Disorder, Dental Implants, Periodontal Diseases, Peri-ImplantitisAbstract
Objective: To review the literature in a integrative form way regarding the influence of smoking on the development of periodontal changes in patients rehabilitated with implants. Material and Method: The databases used were Pubmed and LILACS; for the search, descriptors controlled in the DESC and MeSH were selected: Smokers, Smoking, Dental Implants, Osseointegration, Periodontal Diseases and Peri-Implantitis. The inclusion criteria were articles that addressed the variables defined by the PICO strategy (smoking patients, dental implants and periodontal changes). As for the type of study were selected systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis, prospective and retrospective observational clinical studies and clinical trials with or without randomization. Animal studies, literature review, clinical case, letter to the editor, articles that did not address the variables under study were excluded. The selected articles were published between 2015 and 2020 in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The selection of articles was carried out based on abstracts. Results: The research resulted in 15 studies, 14 articles were selected in PubMed and 01 article in LILACS. The systematic review studies with meta-analysis were the most prevalent in the review, the level of scientific evidence was variable due to the type of study. Conclusion: Smoking is a predisposing factor for the development of periodontal changes in patients rehabilitated with implants, promoting peri-implantitis and marginal bone loss. This habit makes healing difficult and favors postoperative infections and may result in implant loss.
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References
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