Posicionamiento y Inclinación de la Glenosfera en Artroplastia Total Invertida de Hombro y su Impacto en las Actividades Funcionales en Pacientes con Artropatía del Manguito Rotador
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v12i12.6319Palabras clave:
Cavidad glenoidea, Artroplastía de Reemplazo de Hombro, Artropatía por Desgarro del Manguito de los RotadoresResumen
Introducción: La artroplastia total invertida de hombro como tratamiento de la artropatía del manguito rotador se ha utilizado y estudiado ampliamente. Su posicionamiento según el componente de inclinación glenoidea está estrictamente relacionado con el resultado postoperatorio. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar los resultados postoperatorios de la inclinación de la glenosfera en pacientes sometidos a artroplastia inversa de hombro. Métodos: estudio retrospectivo de 29 pacientes sometidos a artroplastia total invertida de hombro para manejo de artropatía del manguito rotador. A los pacientes se les midió, analizó y dividió el ángulo de posicionamiento de la glenosfera en grupos según el grado de inclinación. La evaluación incluyó la puntuación constante (PS), el valor subjetivo del hombro, la tasa de muesca escapular clasificada por Sirveaux (2004) y el rango de movimiento (ROM). Resultados: No observamos diferencia estadística entre los grupos para la elevación anterior activa (p=0,675; prueba t de Student) ni la media de rotación externa activa con el brazo en aducción (p=0,485; prueba t de Student). El grupo con menor pendiente tuvo un PS de 67,94±19,38, y el grupo con mayor pendiente tuvo un PS de 81,34±16,16, sin diferencia estadística (p=0,066). Conclusión: El posicionamiento de la placa glenoidea y la inclinación de la glenosfera son cruciales en el resultado postoperatorio. Sin embargo, no presentamos diferencia estadística en el Score Funcional.
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