Eficacia de la Insulina Tópica en el Manejo de Heridas: Revisión Integrativa de la Literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v15i5.6776Palabras clave:
Insulina Tópica, Cicatrización, Heridas Crónicas, Heridas Agudas, Revisión IntegradoraResumen
Introducción: La insulina tópica ha demostrado ser una alternativa prometedora y de bajo costo en el manejo de diferentes tipos de heridas, incluyendo úlceras del pie diabético, úlceras venosas, úlceras por presión, quemaduras y heridas quirúrgicas. Objetivo: En este contexto, la presente revisión tuvo como objetivo evaluar evidencias clínicas y preclínicas sobre la eficacia, seguridad y aplicabilidad de la insulina tópica en el manejo de heridas. Material y Método: Se analizaron artículos publicados entre 2020 y 2025. En total, se incluyeron 20 estudios provenientes de las bases de datos PubMed, LILACS y ScienceDirect, que abarcan ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, estudios cuasi-experimentales, series de casos y análisis retrospectivos. Resultados: Los hallazgos demostraron que la insulina tópica acelera la cicatrización, aumenta la formación de tejido de granulación y modula los procesos inflamatorios, sin eventos adversos relevantes ni riesgo de hipoglucemia. A pesar de la consistencia de los resultados, persisten limitaciones metodológicas, como tamaños de muestra reducidos, heterogeneidad de protocolos y corto tiempo de seguimiento. Conclusión: La insulina tópica representa un adyuvante eficaz y seguro; sin embargo, aún se requieren ensayos multicéntricos con estandarización de dosis y formulaciones para consolidar su incorporación en los protocolos clínicos.
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