Efeito do Tratamento Periodontal sobre o Índice Glicêmico de Pacientes Portadores de Diabete Mellitus: Estudo de Revisão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v14i5.6600Palavras-chave:
Diabetes Mellitus, Doenças Periodontais, Saúde Pública, Índice GlicêmicoResumo
O diabetes e a doença periodontal representam importantes problemas de saúde púbica, considerando à alta prevalência e as consequências da progressão das doenças. Estudos sugerem uma relação bidirecional entre os níveis glicêmicos e a condição periodontal, de modo que a inflamação e infecção crônicas presentes na doença periodontal podem ter um efeito adverso no controle glicêmico de pessoas com diabetes, doença que, por sua vez, pode agravar a doença periodontal. Objetivou-se revisar as evidências existentes sobre o efeito do tratamento da doença periodontal sobre o controle glicêmico em adultos. Realizou-se uma busca eletrônica nas bases de dados Cochrane, Embase, Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Scopus e Web of Science. Após aplicação dos critérios de exclusão e inclusão, a qualidade dos artigos foi verificada e a extração de dados foi realizada. Dos 2153 estudos encontrados, 1542 foram removidos por duplicidade, 435 foram eliminados segundo os critérios de exclusão e 16 estudos foram eleitos de acordo com os critérios de inclusão. A maioria dos estudos (n=13; 81.25%) demonstrou evidências de que o tratamento periodontal promove melhora no controle glicêmico. Reforça-se a importância da manutenção da saúde periodontal, considerando o potencial impacto negativo do prejuízo no controle glicêmico sobre a morbidade, mortalidade e qualidade da vida de pacientes com diabetes. Novos estudos qualificados, com integração entre profissionais da área médica e odontológica, devem ser realizados para confirmar esses achados.
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