Profilaxis Antibiótica en Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial: Revisión de la Literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v11i3.5832Palabras clave:
Antibacterianos, Cirugía Bucal, InfecciónResumen
Las infecciones bacterianas transquirúrgicas afectan más fácilmente a los pacientes con mala salud, como los diabéticos inmunosuprimidos y no compensados. La profilaxis antibiótica (PA) se considera un aliado en estos casos, con el uso de antibióticos antes o poco después del procedimiento. En esta revisión de la literatura se analizaron bases de datos con publicaciones sobre PA en cirugía oral y maxilofacial, correlacionando microbioma oral y antibióticos. En conclusión, los antibióticos son fundamentales en la prevención de infecciones y la anamnesis es fundamental para, a través de la historia clínica del paciente, determinar la necesidad de PA. Deben realizarse nuevos estudios para estandarizar un consenso sobre los protocolos farmacológicos.
Descargas
Citas
De Andrade ED. Terapêutica medicamentosa em Odontologia. 3.ed. São Paulo: Artes Médicas; 2014.
Teoh L, Cheung MC, Dashper S, James R, McCullough MJ. Oral antibiotic for empirical management of acute dentoalveolar infections-a systematic review. Antibiotics (Basel) Switz. 28 de fevereiro de 2021;10(3):240.
Kilian M, Chapple ILC, Hannig M, Marsh PD, Meuric V, Pedersen AML et al. The oral microbiome - an update for oral healthcare professionals. Br Dent J. 2016;221(10):657-66.
Topazian RG, Goldberg MH, Hupp JR. Infecções Orais e Maxilofaciais. 4. ed. São Paulo: Santos; 2006.
Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pillai S. Imunologia Celular e Molecular. 6.ed. Brasil: Elsevier; 2008
ADA. Antibiotic Prophylaxis Prior to Dental Procedures. 2020. Disponível em: ada.org/en/member-center/oral-health-topics/antibiotic-prophylaxis. Acesso 20 abril 2021.
Blatt S, Al-Nawas B. A systematic review of latest evidence for antibiotic prophylaxis and therapy in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Infection. 2019;47(4):519-55.
Patini R. Oral Microbiota: Discovering and Facing the New Associations with Systemic Diseases. Pathogens. 2020;9(4):313.
Verma D, Garg PK, Dubey AK. Insights into the human oral microbiome. Arch Microbiol. 2018;200(4):525-40.
Gomez A, Nelson KE. The Oral Microbiome of Children: Development, Disease and Implications Beyond Oral Health. Microb Ecol. 2017;73(2):492-503.
Yamashita Y, Takeshita T. The oral microbiome and human health. J Oral Sci.2017;59(2):201-6.
Liu S, Wang Y, Zhao L, Sun X, Feng Q. Microbiome succession with increasing age in three oral sites. Aging. 2020;12(9):7874-907.
Kamolratanakul P, Jansisyanont P. A review of antibiotic prophylaxis protocols in oral and maxillofacial surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg Med Pathol. 2018;30(5):395-404.
Krishnan K, Chen T, Paster B. A practical guide to the oral microbiome and its relation to health and disease. Oral Dis. 2017;23(3):276-86.
Oppelaar MC, Zijtveld C, Kuipers S, ten Oever J, Honings J, Weijs W et al. Evaluation of Prolonged vs Short Courses of Antibiotic Prophylaxis Following Ear, Nose, Throat, and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Otolaryngol Neck Surg. 2019;145(7):610.
Bartella AK, Lemmen S, Burnic A, Kloss-Brandstätter A, Kamal M, Breisach T et al. Influence of a strictly perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis vs a prolonged postoperative prophylaxis on surgical site infections in maxillofacial surgery. Infection. 2018;46(2): 225-30.
Romandini M, De Tullio I, Congedi F, Kalemaj Z, D’Ambrosio M, Laforí A et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis at dental implant placement: Which is the best protocol? A systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol. 2019;46(3):382-95.
Yagiela J, Dowd FJ, Johnson B, Mariotti A. Farmacologia E Terapeutica Para Dentistas. [Internet]. London: Elsevier Health Sciences Brazil; 2011 Disponível em: http://www.123library.org/book_details/?id=46865. Acesso em 15 de junho de 2021.
Cervino G, Cicciù M, Biondi A, Bocchieri S, Herford AS, Laino L et al. Antibiotic Prophylaxis on Third Molar Extraction: Systematic Review of Recent Data. Antibiotics (Basel). 2019;8(2):53.
Glenny A-M, Oliver R, Roberts GJ, Hooper L, Worthington HV. Antibiotics for the prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis in dentistry. Cochrane Oral Health Group, organizador. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;10:CD003813.
Moreira A, Andrade ED de. Estudo prospectivo da incidência de infecção em cirurgias de terceiros molares retidos: o papel da profilaxia antibiótica. RGO Rev Gaúcha Odontol. 2011;59(3):357-64.
American Heart Association. Endocardite Infecciosa [Internet]. American Heart Association. 2021. Disponível em: https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/infective-endocarditis. Acesso em 11 de junho de 2021.
Lockhart PB, Hanson NB, Ristic H, Menezes AR, Baddour L. Acceptance among and impact on dental practitioners and patients of American Heart Association recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis. J Am Dent Assoc. 2013;144(9):1030-5.
Wilson W, Taubert KA, Gewitz M, Lockhart PB, Baddour LM, Levison M et al. Prevention of Infective Endocarditis: Guidelines From the American Heart Association: A Guideline From the American Heart Association Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease Committee, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and the Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group. 2007;116(15):1736-54.
Milic T, Raidoo P, Gebauer D. Antibiotic prophylaxis in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a systematic review. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021;59(6):633-42.
Delaplain PT, Phillips JL, Lundeberg M, Nahmias J, Kuza CM, Sheehan BM et al. No Reduction in Surgical Site Infection Obtained with Post-Operative Antibiotics in Facial Fractures, Regardless of Duration or Anatomic Location: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2020;21(2):112-21.
Habib AM, Wong AD, Schreiner GC, Satti KF, Riblet NB, Johnson HA et al. Postoperative prophylactic antibiotics for facial fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis: prophylactic antibiotics for facial fractures. Laryngoscope. 2019;129(1):82-95.
Menon RK, Kar Yan L, Gopinath D, Botelho MG. Is there a need for postoperative antibiotics after third molar surgery? A 5-year retrospective study. J Investig Clin Dent. 2019;10(4):e12460.
Arteagoitia M-I, Barbier L, Santamaría J, Santamaría G, Ramos E. Efficacy of amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the prevention of infection and dry socket after third molar extraction. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2016;21(4):494-504.
Kim AS, Abdelhay N, Levin L, Walters JD, Gibson MP. Antibiotic prophylaxis for implant placement: a systematic review of effects on reduction of implant failure. Br Dent J. 2020;228(12):943-51.
Ahmad. Effects of Antibiotics on Dental Implants: A Review. J Clin Med Res. 2012;4(1):1-6.
Naimi-Akbar A, Hultin M, Klinge A, Klinge B, Tranæus S, Lund B. Antibiotic prophylaxis in orthognathic surgery: A complex systematic review. Arakeri G, organizador. PLOS ONE. 2018;13(1):e0191161.
Mc Kenzie WS, Louis PJ. Temporomandibular total joint prosthesis infections: a ten-year retrospective analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2017;46(5):596-602.
