Prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunction and anxiety in university students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v10i9.5401Keywords:
Temporomandibular Joint; Anxiety; Facial Pain.Abstract
Introduction: Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD) consists of physiological changes in the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ), which is inserted in the stomatognathic system. The initial diagnosis can be difficult due to the complexity of the TMJ and its relationship with the other anatomical structures of the face. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and anxiety in students of health courses (Biomedicine, Pharmacy, Physiotherapy, Nutrition, Medicine and Dentistry) at Faculdade Santa Maria, Cajazeiras, Paraíba, Brazil. Methods: This research is characterized as cross-sectional, exploratory and descriptive / quantitative, 130 university students were evaluated. In order to investigate possible associations between TMD and anxiety, structured questionnaires were used and validated in the literature. Regarding the assessment of TMD signs and symptoms and anxiety, two instruments were selected, respectively: the Fonseca Index that assesses TMD signs and symptoms and the State-Trait Anxiety Index (STAI). Results: The data obtained indicate that the majority of the sample is made up of dentistry students (80%). In addition, 59% of students had some degree of dysfunction, with the majority having a mild degree. The most prevalent STAI was the moderate grade. Conclusion: We conclude that there was a high prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and anxiety in dentistry students, while in other courses they were between mild and moderate. It is suggested that a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach be carried out for the groups studied, in view of the multifactorial character of temporomandibular disorders.
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